php教程

preg_grep

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

preg_grep返回匹配模式的数组条目

说明

preg_grep ( string $pattern , array $input [, int $flags = 0 ] ) : array

返回给定数组input中与模式pattern 匹配的元素组成的数组.

参数

pattern

要搜索的模式, 字符串形式.

input

输入数组.

flags

如果设置为PREG_GREP_INVERT, 这个函数返回输入数组中与 给定模式pattern匹配的元素组成的数组.

返回值

返回使用input中key做索引的数组.

范例

Example #1 preg_grep() 示例

<?php
// 返回所有包含浮点数的元素
$fl_array preg_grep("/^(\d+)?\.\d+$/"$array);
?>

参见

User Contributed Notes

amolocaleb at gmail dot com 24-Jun-2018 08:24
This may be obvious to most experienced developers,but just in case its not,when using preg_grep to check for whitelisted items ,one must be very careful to explicitly define the regex boundaries or it will fail
<?php
$whitelist
= ["home","dashboard","profile","group"];
$possibleUserInputs = ["homd","hom","ashboard","settings","group"];
foreach(
$possibleUserInputs as  $input)
{
     if(
preg_grep("/$input/i",$whitelist)
    {
         echo
$input." whitelisted";
    }else{
         echo
$input." flawed";
    }

}
?>
This results in:

homd flawed
hom whitelisted
ashboard whitelisted
settings flawed
group whitelisted

I think this is because if boundaries are not explicitly defined,preg_grep looks for any instance of  the substring in the whole array and returns true if found.This is not what we want,so boundaries must be defined.

<?php
foreach($possibleUserInputs as  $input)
{
     if(
preg_grep("/^$input$/i",$whitelist)
    {
         echo
$input." whitelisted";
    }else{
         echo
$input." flawed";
    }

}
?>
this results in:
homd flawed
hom flawed
ashboard flawed
settings flawed
group whitelisted
in_array() will also give the latter results but will require few tweaks if say,the search is to be case insensitive,which is always the case 70% of the time
Timo Klemm 15-Mar-2017 09:26
An even shorter way to run a match on the array's keys rather than the values:

<?php
function preg_grep_keys($pattern, $input, $flags = 0) {
    return
array_flip( preg_grep($pattern, array_flip($input), $flags ) );
}
?>
Daniel Klein 14-Mar-2013 10:54
A shorter way to run a match on the array's keys rather than the values:

<?php
function preg_grep_keys($pattern, $input, $flags = 0) {
    return
array_intersect_key($input, array_flip(preg_grep($pattern, array_keys($input), $flags)));
}
?>
keithbluhm at gmail dot com 21-Jan-2010 03:56
Run a match on the array's keys rather than the values:

<?php

function preg_grep_keys( $pattern, $input, $flags = 0 )
{
   
$keys = preg_grep( $pattern, array_keys( $input ), $flags );
   
$vals = array();
    foreach (
$keys as $key )
    {
       
$vals[$key] = $input[$key];
    }
    return
$vals;
}

?>

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