php教程

DateInterval::format

(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7)

DateInterval::format — Formats the interval

说明

public DateInterval::format ( string $format ) : string

Formats the interval.

参数

format

The following characters are recognized in the format parameter string. Each format character must be prefixed by a percent sign (%).
format character Description Example values
% Literal % %
Y Years, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03
y Years, numeric 1, 3
M Months, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03, 12
m Months, numeric 1, 3, 12
D Days, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03, 31
d Days, numeric 1, 3, 31
a Total number of days as a result of a DateTime::diff() or (unknown) otherwise 4, 18, 8123
H Hours, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03, 23
h Hours, numeric 1, 3, 23
I Minutes, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03, 59
i Minutes, numeric 1, 3, 59
S Seconds, numeric, at least 2 digits with leading 0 01, 03, 57
s Seconds, numeric 1, 3, 57
F Microseconds, numeric, at least 6 digits with leading 0 007701, 052738, 428291
f Microseconds, numeric 7701, 52738, 428291
R Sign "-" when negative, "+" when positive -, +
r Sign "-" when negative, empty when positive -,

返回值

Returns the formatted interval.

注释

Note:

The DateInterval::format() method does not recalculate carry over points in time strings nor in date segments. This is expected because it is not possible to overflow values like "32 days" which could be interpreted as anything from "1 month and 4 days" to "1 month and 1 day".

更新日志

版本 说明
7.1.0 The F and f format characters were added.

范例

Example #1 DateInterval example

<?php

$interval = new DateInterval('P2Y4DT6H8M');
echo $interval->format('%d days');

?>

以上例程会输出：

4 days

Example #2 DateInterval and carry over points

<?php

$interval = new DateInterval('P32D');
echo $interval->format('%d days');

?>

以上例程会输出：

32 days

Example #3 DateInterval and DateTime::diff() with the %a and %d modifiers

<?php

$january = new DateTime('2010-01-01');
$february = new DateTime('2010-02-01');
$interval = $february->diff($january);

// %a will output the total number of days.
echo $interval->format('%a total days')."\n";

// While %d will only output the number of days not already covered by the
// month.
echo $interval->format('%m month, %d days');

?>

以上例程会输出：

31 total days
1 month, 0 days

参见

User Contributed Notes

thflori at gmail dot com 12-Mar-2018 03:17
The fact that $dateTime->diff(new DateTime()) returns a DateInterval and the interval is something where you don't get any useful number is somebit annoying.

<?php

$longTimeAgo = new DateTime('1999-10-23 16:29:21')

// easy workaround:
var_dump((float)$longTimeAgo->format('U.u') - (float)(new DateTime())->format('U.u'));

// or in seconds if you are not that precise
var_dump($longTimeAgo->getTimestamp() - (new DateTime())-getTimestamp());

// this function can help you if you want to stick with DateInterval objects
function interval_to_float(DateInterval $interval) {
  $seconds = 0;
  $days = (int)$interval->days;
  if ($days === false || $days === -99999) { //php5.5 compatibility
    $days = floor($interval->y * 365.2525);
    $days += $interval->m * 30; // that's totally inaccurate
   // or: $days += floor($interval->m * 30.4167);
    $days += $interval->d;
  }
  return ($days * 24 * 60 * 60 +
    $interval->h * 60 * 60 +
    $interval->i * 60 +
    $interval->s) * ($interval->invert ? -1 : 1) +
    $interval->f / 1000000; // you may wonder but they are negativ and not affected by invert
}
pankajs7590 at gmail dot com 17-Jun-2017 06:46
public function getTotalInterval($interval, $type){
        switch($type){
            case 'years':
                return $interval->format('%Y');
                break;
            case 'months':
                $years = $interval->format('%Y');
                $months = 0;
                if($years){
                    $months += $years*12;
                }
                $months += $interval->format('%m');
                return $months;
                break;
            case 'days':
                return $interval->format('%a');
                break;
            case 'hours':
                $days = $interval->format('%a');
                $hours = 0;
                if($days){
                    $hours += 24 * $days;
                }
                $hours += $interval->format('%H');
                return $hours;
                break;
            case 'minutes':
                $days = $interval->format('%a');
                $minutes = 0;
                if($days){
                    $minutes += 24 * 60 * $days;
                }
                $hours = $interval->format('%H');
                if($hours){
                    $minutes += 60 * $hours;
                }
                $minutes += $interval->format('%i');
                return $minutes;
                break;
            case 'seconds':
                $days = $interval->format('%a');
                $seconds = 0;
                if($days){
                    $seconds += 24 * 60 * 60 * $days;
                }
                $hours = $interval->format('%H');
                if($hours){
                    $seconds += 60 * 60 * $hours;
                }
                $minutes = $interval->format('%i');
                if($minutes){
                    $seconds += 60 * $minutes;
                }
                $seconds += $interval->format('%s');
                return $seconds;
                break;
            case 'milliseconds':
                $days = $interval->format('%a');
                $seconds = 0;
                if($days){
                    $seconds += 24 * 60 * 60 * $days;
                }
                $hours = $interval->format('%H');
                if($hours){
                    $seconds += 60 * 60 * $hours;
                }
                $minutes = $interval->format('%i');
                if($minutes){
                    $seconds += 60 * $minutes;
                }
                $seconds += $interval->format('%s');
                $milliseconds = $seconds * 1000;
                return $milliseconds;
                break;
            default:
                return NULL;
        }
    }
zell1285 at gmail dot com 22-Apr-2016 10:00
I was doing this: $endDate->diff($startDate)->format('%a')
to get the number of the days between the end date and the start date. This is correct, but if I subtract 2016-04-23 00:00:00 to 2016-04-02 09:39:01 (note that in only one of the datetime values we have the time) the result is 21 (and not 20 as I expected). This is because the result of the diff is 20 days AND 14 hours, 20 mins and 59 secs. If you use the %a to get the days from a dateinterval, it will round the days (and if the hours are greater than 12, it will round days up).

So, DO NOT USE the %a formatting to get the difference in days between 2 datetime unless you are 100% sure that both the Datetime objects don't have the time.

You can solve easily with $valueDate->diff($startDate)->days that will return only the days in a dateinterval (without the fuc***g rounding).
me at unreal4u dot com 09-Oct-2015 10:33
If you want the difference between two timestamps in HOURS, do not forget to add the number of days:

<?php
// Bad example
$lastEntryDate = new \DateTime('2015-05-23 00:10:20', new \DateTimeZone('UTC'));
$dateDifference = $lastEntryDate->diff(new \DateTime('2015-05-25 02:35:45', new \DateTimeZone('UTC')));

var_dump((int)$dateDifference->format('%H'));
// Returns 2
if ((int)$dateDifference->format('%H') > 24) {
        // Will never enter here, (int)$dateDifference->format('%H') will contain 0-23 ONLY
}
?>

Instead, sum the days:
<?php
// Bad example
$lastEntryDate = new \DateTime('2015-05-23 00:10:20', new \DateTimeZone('UTC'));
$dateDifference = $lastEntryDate->diff(new \DateTime('2015-05-25 02:35:45', new \DateTimeZone('UTC')));

var_dump(($dateDifference->days * 24 + (int)$dateDifference->format('%H')));
// Returns 50
if (($dateDifference->days * 24 + (int)$dateDifference->format('%H')) > 24) {
        // Will enter here now :)
}
?>

Hope this saves somebody some time and possible bugs :)
kulakov74 at yandex dot ru 25-Jan-2014 09:24
glavic, this does not eliminate the problem of "32 days", if you use your class for normalizing intervals of days, because the result will depend on the current month which is used for DateTime by default. And if that does not matter (because the interval is not that long) you don't have to call diff() to get the same recalculation:
$DT=new DateTime('0000-01-01'); $DT->add($oInt); echo($DT->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
glavic at gmail dot com 12-Sep-2013 10:58
How to easy recalculate carry over points:

<?php
class DateIntervalEnhanced extends DateInterval {

    public function recalculate()
    {
        $from = new DateTime;
        $to = clone $from;
        $to = $to->add($this);
        $diff = $from->diff($to);
        foreach ($diff as $k => $v) $this->$k = $v;
        return $this;
    }

}

$di = new DateIntervalEnhanced('PT3600S');
echo "Instead of " . $di->format('%h:%i:%s') . " it outputs " . $di->recalculate()->format('%h:%i:%s');
# output will be: "Instead of 0:0:3600 it outputs 1:0:0"
beowolve at gmail dot com 03-Jul-2013 10:13
German Version of formatDateDiff:

function formatDateDiff($start, $end=null) {
    if(!($start instanceof DateTime)) {
        $start = new DateTime($start);
    }

    if($end === null) {
        $end = new DateTime();
    }

    if(!($end instanceof DateTime)) {
        $end = new DateTime($start);
    }

    $interval = $end->diff($start);
    $doPlural = function($nb,$str){
        if ($nb > 1) {
            switch ($str) {
                case 'Jahr':
                case 'Monat':
                case 'Tag':
                    return $str.'e';
                case 'Stunde':
                case 'Minute':
                case 'Sekunde':
                    return $str.'n';
            }
        } else
            return $str;
    }; // adds plurals

    $format = array();
    if($interval->y !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%y ".$doPlural($interval->y, "Jahr");
    }
    if($interval->m !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%m ".$doPlural($interval->m, "Monat");
    }
    if($interval->d !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%d ".$doPlural($interval->d, "Tag");
    }
    if($interval->h !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%h ".$doPlural($interval->h, "Stunde");
    }
    if($interval->i !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%i ".$doPlural($interval->i, "Minute");
    }
    if($interval->s !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%s ".$doPlural($interval->s, "Sekunde");
    }
   
    if(count($format)==0 || (count($format)==1 && $interval->s !== 0)) {
        return "weniger als eine Minute";
    }

    // We use the two biggest parts
    if(count($format) > 1) {
        $format = array_shift($format).", ".array_shift($format);
    } else {
        $format = array_pop($format);
    }

    // Prepend 'since ' or whatever you like
    return $interval->format($format);
}
balaclark at gmail dot com 02-Jun-2011 03:58
Be aware that your default timezone can sometimes alter the result of a diff so that the returned months/days are incorrect.

There is a bug report at: http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=52480
pekka at gmx dot de 13-Feb-2011 03:20
Note that `%a` is broken on Windows on VC6 builds. http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=51184
kuzb 04-Feb-2011 05:15
Quick class to allow you to input a time in any unit, and have it recalculate in to different denominations (for example, seconds to hours, minutes and seconds):

<?php
    class DateIntervalEnhanced extends DateInterval
    {

      /* Keep in mind that a year is seen in this class as 365 days, and a month is seen as 30 days.        
         It is not possible to calculate how many days are in a given year or month without a point of 
         reference in time.*/
      public function to_seconds()
      {
        return ($this->y * 365 * 24 * 60 * 60) +
               ($this->m * 30 * 24 * 60 * 60) +
               ($this->d * 24 * 60 * 60) +
               ($this->h * 60 * 60) +
               ($this->i * 60) +
               $this->s;
      }
     
      public function recalculate()
      {
        $seconds = $this->to_seconds();
        $this->y = floor($seconds/60/60/24/365);
        $seconds -= $this->y * 31536000;
        $this->m = floor($seconds/60/60/24/30);
        $seconds -= $this->m * 2592000;
        $this->d = floor($seconds/60/60/24);
        $seconds -= $this->d * 86400;
        $this->h = floor($seconds/60/60);
        $seconds -= $this->h * 3600;
        $this->i = floor($seconds/60);
        $seconds -= $this->i * 60;
        $this->s = $seconds;
      }
    }

    // Example usage
    $di = new DateIntervalEnhanced('PT3600S');
    $di->recalculate();
    // outputs 1:0:0 instead of 0:0:3600 now!
    echo $di->format('%H:%i:%s');
?>
baptiste dot place at utopiaweb dot fr 15-Mar-2010 07:47
With php 5.3, DateTime is sweet !
Here is one quick example :

<?php
/**
 * A sweet interval formatting, will use the two biggest interval parts.
 * On small intervals, you get minutes and seconds.
 * On big intervals, you get months and days.
 * Only the two biggest parts are used.
 *
 * @param DateTime $start
 * @param DateTime|null $end
 * @return string
 */
public function formatDateDiff($start, $end=null) {
    if(!($start instanceof DateTime)) {
        $start = new DateTime($start);
    }
   
    if($end === null) {
        $end = new DateTime();
    }
   
    if(!($end instanceof DateTime)) {
        $end = new DateTime($start);
    }
   
    $interval = $end->diff($start);
    $doPlural = function($nb,$str){return $nb>1?$str.'s':$str;}; // adds plurals
   
    $format = array();
    if($interval->y !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%y ".$doPlural($interval->y, "year");
    }
    if($interval->m !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%m ".$doPlural($interval->m, "month");
    }
    if($interval->d !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%d ".$doPlural($interval->d, "day");
    }
    if($interval->h !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%h ".$doPlural($interval->h, "hour");
    }
    if($interval->i !== 0) {
        $format[] = "%i ".$doPlural($interval->i, "minute");
    }
    if($interval->s !== 0) {
        if(!count($format)) {
            return "less than a minute ago";
        } else {
            $format[] = "%s ".$doPlural($interval->s, "second");
        }
    }
   
    // We use the two biggest parts
    if(count($format) > 1) {
        $format = array_shift($format)." and ".array_shift($format);
    } else {
        $format = array_pop($format);
    }
   
    // Prepend 'since ' or whatever you like
    return $interval->format($format);
}
?>

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