php教程

htmlspecialchars_decode

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7)

htmlspecialchars_decode — 将特殊的 HTML 实体转换回普通字符

说明

htmlspecialchars_decode ( string $string [, int $flags = ENT_COMPAT | ENT_HTML401 ] ) : string

此函数的作用和 htmlspecialchars() 刚好相反。它将特殊的HTML实体转换回普通字符。

被转换的实体有： &， " （没有设置ENT_NOQUOTES 时）, ' （设置了 ENT_QUOTES 时）， < 以及>。

参数

string

要解码的字符串

flags

用下列标记中的一个或多个作为一个位掩码，来指定如何处理引号和使用哪种文档类型。默认为 ENT_COMPAT | ENT_HTML401。

有效的 flags 常量
常量名 说明
ENT_COMPAT 转换双引号，不转换单引号。
ENT_QUOTES 单引号和双引号都转换。
ENT_NOQUOTES 单引号和双引号都不转换。
ENT_HTML401 作为HTML 4.01编码处理。
ENT_XML1 作为XML 1编码处理。
ENT_XHTML 作为XHTML编码处理。
ENT_HTML5 作为HTML 5编码处理。

返回值

返回解码后的字符串。

更新日志

版本 说明
5.4.0 增加了 ENT_HTML401、ENT_XML1、 ENT_XHTML 和 ENT_HTML5 等常量。

范例

Example #1 一个 htmlspecialchars_decode() 的例子

<?php
$str = "<p>this -&gt; &quot;</p>\n";

echo htmlspecialchars_decode($str);

// 注意，这里的引号不会被转换
echo htmlspecialchars_decode($str, ENT_NOQUOTES);
?>

以上例程会输出：

<p>this -> "</p>
<p>this -> &quot;</p>

参见

User Contributed Notes

pinkgothic at gmail dot com 10-Jun-2010 09:24
Keep in mind that you should never trust user input - particularly for "mixed-bag" input containing a combination of plain text and markup or scripting code.

Why?

Well, consider someone sending '&amp;<script>alert('XSS');</script>' to your PHP script:

<?php
$var = "&amp;<script>alert('XSS');</script>";
$var = (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) ? htmlspecialchars($var) : $var;
echo $var;
?>

Since '&amp;' decodes into '&', (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) will be -false-, thus returning $var without that it's escaped. In consequence, the script-tags are untouched, and you've just opened yourself to XSS.

There is, unfortunately, no reliable way to determine whether HTML is escaped or not that does not come with this caveat that I know of. Rather than try and catch the case 'I've already encoded this', you are better off avoiding double-escaping by simply escaping the HTML as close to the actual output as you can muster, e.g. in the view in an MVC development structure.
benharold at mac dot com 26-Jan-2009 04:48
or of course:

<?php

$var = "Blue & yellow make green.";

$var = (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) ? htmlspecialchars($var) : $var;
echo $var; // outputs Blue &amp; yellow make green.

// you can do it a bunch of times, it still won't screw you!

$var = (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) ? htmlspecialchars($var) : $var;
$var = (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) ? htmlspecialchars($var) : $var;
echo $var; // still outputs Blue &amp; yellow make green.

?>

Put it in a function. Add it to the method of some abstract data class.
benharold at mac dot com 26-Jan-2009 01:30
If you use `htmlspecialchars()` to change things like the ampersand (&) into it's HTML equivalent (&amp;), you might run into a situation where you mistakenly pass the same string to the function twice, resulting in things appearing on your website like, as I call it, the ampersanded amp; "&amp;". Clearly nobody want's "&amp;" on his or her web page where there is supposed to be just an ampersand. Here's a quick and easy trick to make sure this doesn't happen:

<?php

$var = "This is a string that could be passed to htmlspecialchars multiple times.";

if (htmlspecialchars_decode($var) == $var) {
    $var = htmlspecialchars($var);
}

echo $var;

?>

Now, if your dealing with text that is a mixed bag (has HTML entities and non-HTML entities) you're on your own.
thomas at xci[ignore_this]teit dot commm 28-Mar-2008 03:03
The example for "htmlspecialchars_decode()" below sadly does not work for all PHP4 versions.

Quote from the PHP manual:
"get_html_translation_table() will return the translation table that is used internally for htmlspecialchars() and htmlentities()."

But it does NOT! At least not for PHP version 4.4.2.
This was already reported in a bug report (http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=25927), but it was marked as BOGUS.

Proof:
  Code:
--------------------
<?php
    var_dump(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS,ENT_QUOTES));
    var_dump(htmlspecialchars('\'',ENT_QUOTES));
?>
--------------------

  Output:
--------------------
array
  '"' => '&quot;'
  ''' => '&#39;'
  '<' => '&lt;'
  '>' => '&gt;'
  '&' => '&amp;'

'&#039;'
--------------------

This comment now is not to report this bug again (though I really believe it is one), but to complete the example and warn people of this pitfall.

To make sure your htmlspecialchars_decode fake for PHP4 works, you should do something like this:

<?php
    function htmlspecialchars_decode($string,$style=ENT_COMPAT)
    {
        $translation = array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS,$style));
        if($style === ENT_QUOTES){ $translation['&#039;'] = '\''; }
        return strtr($string,$translation);
    }
?>

Br, Thomas
17-Aug-2006 05:49
This should be the best way to do it.
(Reposted because the other one seems a bit slower and because those who used the code under called it htmlspecialchars_decode_php4)

<?php

if ( !function_exists('htmlspecialchars_decode') )
{
    function htmlspecialchars_decode($text)
    {
        return strtr($text, array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS)));
    }
}

?>
or-k at or-k dot com 14-Sep-2005 02:15
that works also with &auml; and &quot; and so on.
get_html_translation_table(HTML_ENTITIES) => offers more characters than HTML_SPECIALCHARS

function htmlspecialchars_decode_PHP4($uSTR)
{
 return strtr($uSTR, array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_ENTITIES, ENT_QUOTES)));
}
geoffers@gmail 14-Jul-2005 06:38
[Update of previous note, having noticed I forgot to put in quote style]

PHP4 Compatible function:

<?php

function htmlspecialchars_decode_php4 ($str, $quote_style = ENT_COMPAT) {
    return strtr($str, array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS, $quote_style)));
}

?>
geoffers at gmail dot com 14-Jul-2005 06:30
For PHP4 Compatibility:

<?php

function htmlspecialchars_decode_php4 ($str) {
    return strtr($str, array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS)));
}

?>

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